Crosssectional studies collect and analyze both descriptive and analytical data. Crosssectional studies can be thought of as a snapshot of the frequency and characteristics of a condition in a population at a particular point in time. Cross sectional studies the weakest type of observational study is the cross sectional study in a cross sectional study, the investigator simply gathers a single sample and cross classi es them depending on whether they have the risk factor or not and whether they have the disease or not cross sectional studies are the easiest to carry out, but are. A descriptive cross sectional international study to explore current practices in the assessment, prevention and treatment of skin tears. Studies with a cross sectional study design involve the collection of information on the presence or level of one or more variables of interest healthrelated characteristic, whether exposure e. Sample size for a crosssectional, cohort, or clinical. A crosssectional survey may be purely descriptive and used to assess the burden of a particular disease in a defined population. Systematic random sampling was used to select the study participants and descriptive statistics were conducted. Although reallife investigations show evidence of both properties, it is still best to decipher how these types differ.
Feb 27, 2016 a community based crosssectional study was conducted among 350 mothers in mizan aman town, south west ethiopia, in april 2015 using a structured intervieweradministered questionnaire using recall since birth method. Case series, descriptive, and crosssectional studies. This study was approved by the ethics committee of the above 3 hospitals. Crosssectional study an overview sciencedirect topics. This descriptive, cross sectional, multicenter study was conducted in china, from january 18th to february 28th, 2020.
Sample size for a crosssectional, cohort, or clinical trial studies kevin m. Descriptive and analytic studies learning objectives at the end of the training, participants will be able to. Populationbased, household, cross sectional study in mbeya and dar es salaam, tanzania, 20012002 result. Profile of patients and physiotherapy patterns in intensive care units in public hospitals in zimbabwe. Case series, descriptive, and crosssectional studies 6aug14 2 case report and case series detailed description of one or more cases of a disease that are unusual for some reason never seen before occur in unexpected individuals occur in unexpected places example description of.
Introduction to study designs crosssectional studies. In medical research, social science and biology, a crosssectional study also known as a crosssectional analysis, transverse study, prevalence study is a type of observational study that analyzes data from a population, or a representative subset, at a specific point in timethat is, crosssectional data. Aug 24, 2018 there are two types of cross sectional studies. Crosssectional survey design sage research methods. Usually there is no hypothesis as such, but the aim is to describe a population. Unlike in casecontrol studies participants selected based on the outcome status or cohort studies participants selected based on the exposure status, the participants in a crosssectional study are just selected based on the inclusion and exclusion. List of the advantages of a crosssectional study 1. Descriptive cross sectional studies the persistence and reach of a studied factor.
Cross sectional studies are a type of descriptive epidemiologic study in which the exposure and disease status of the population are determined at a given point. Descriptive research design is a scientific method which involves observing and describing the behavior of a subject without influencing it in any way. Three broad issues need to be considered when appraising the report of a descriptive cross sectional study e. Types of crosssectional study descriptive a crosssectional study may be purely descriptive and used to assess the frequency and distribution of a particular disease in a defined population. Here are the advantages and disadvantages of cross sectional studies to consider. Strobe statementchecklist of items that should be included in reports of crosssectional studies item no recommendation title and abstract 1 a indicate the studys design with a commonly used term in the title or the abstract b provide in the abstract an informative and balanced summary of what was done and what was found introduction. Populationbased, household, crosssectional study in mbeya and dar es salaam, tanzania, 20012002 result. Nursing diagnosis identification by nurses in burn wards. A crosssectional survey collects data to make inferences about a population of interest universe at one point in time. A cross sectional survey may be purely descriptive and used to assess the burden of a particular disease in a defined population. It would be a crosssectional study if you measure the reading abilities of 6yearolds in low, middle, and. Descriptive and cross sectional studies tobacco smoking.
Mar 24, 2006 a cross sectional study design is used when. Cross sectional studies collect and analyze both descriptive and analytical data. A descriptive cross sectional study is a study in which the disease or condition and potentially related factors are measured at a specific point in time for a defined population. Cross sectional studies are often used in developmental psychology, but this method is also utilized in many other areas including social science and.
Cross sectional study an overview sciencedirect topics. Although crosssectional research does not involve conducting experiments, it is often used to understand outcomes in. Sabrina nour, gilles plourde, in pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacovigilance, 2019. Neonatal nurses knowledge and beliefs about kangaroo. Crosssectional a crosssectional study is one in which subjects are sampled without respect to. In medical research, social science and biology, a crosssectional study also known as a crosssectional analysis, transverse study, prevalence study is a type of observational study that analyzes data from a population, or a representative subset, at a specific point in timethat is, crosssectional data in economics, crosssectional studies typically involve the use of crosssectional. Cohort studies are used to study incidence, causes, and prognosis. The purpose of the study is descriptive, often in the form of a survey. Crosssectional studies are often used in developmental psychology, but this method is also utilized in many other areas including social science and. In a crosssectional study, the investigator measures the outcome and the exposures in the.
Crosssectional studies or surveys are observational studies that provide a snapshot of an exposure or disease at a particular point in time. This study aims to provide evidence supporting the development and promotion of effective strategies for disaster response knowledge, including natural and humanmade ones. A cross sectional study, a type of descriptive, observational study, involves measuring different variables in the population of interest at a single point in time. To learn about the characteristics of a population at one point in time. Because they measure events in chronological order they can be used to distinguish between cause and. A descriptive crosssectional international study to explore current practices in the assessment, prevention and treatment of skin tears. Cross sectional study fukushima medical university. In a crosssectional study, the investigator measures the outcome. Pdf a descriptive crosssectional international study to. Cross sectional studies cross sectional studies measure simultaneously the exposure and health outcome in a given population and in a given geographical area at a certain time. Here are the advantages and disadvantages of crosssectional studies to consider.
Crosssectional studies crosssectional studies measure simultaneously the exposure and health outcome in a given population and in a given geographical area at a certain time. Crosssectional studies the weakest type of observational study is the crosssectional study in a crosssectional study, the investigator simply gathers a single sample and crossclassi es them depending on whether they have the risk factor or not and whether they have the disease or not crosssectional studies are the easiest to carry out, but are. A logical sequence of study designs encountered in epidemiology is. Dental health services research unit, university of dundee, dundee, scotland, uk. To learn about the characteristics of a population at one point in time like a photo snap shot. Often described as a snapshot of a population in a certain point in time. In a crosssectional study, the investigator measures the outcome and the exposures in the study participants at the same time. Background the purpose of this study is to identify the social factors that shape the disaster response knowledge of residents in beijing, china. A crosssectional study is a type of observational research that analyzes data of variables collected at one given point in time across a sample population or a predefined subset.
Many scientific disciplines, especially social science and psychology, use this method to obtain a general overview of the subject. All patients were recruited from 3 hospitals in hubei province, including wuhan hanan hospital, wuhan union hospital, and huanggang central hospital. If however the aim is to analyse the relation between predictor variables and outcomes analytical then the sample box 1 study purpose the aim of the study should be clearly stated. Crosssectional surveys have been described as snapshots of the populations about which they gather data. A descriptive cross sectional study is a descriptive study that attempts to characterize different groups of individuals at one specific moment in. Usually there is no hypothesis as such, but the aim is. This descriptive, crosssectional, multicenter study was conducted in china, from january 18th to february 28th, 2020. A crosssectional study involves looking at data from a population at one specific point in time. Case series, descriptive, and crosssectional studies 6aug14 2 case report and case series detailed description of one or more cases of a disease that are unusual for some reason never seen before occur in unexpected individuals occur in unexpected places example description of series of infants born with. In that cross sectional study example, researchers make focused observations to identify spending trends. A descriptive case report study is a detailed profile. A crosssectional study collects data of both exposure and outcome at the same short period of time.
In reading public health research, you may encounter many terms that appear to be used interchangeably. Descriptive and cross sectional studies free download as powerpoint presentation. Maryam hemed gfmer tanzania training course in sexual and. Introduction to study designs crosssectional studies health. Pdf crosssectional study design is a type of observational study design. In this series, i previous ly gave an overview of the main types of. Descriptive studies are used to assess distribution and frequency. A descriptive crosssectional study is a study in which the disease or condition and potentially related factors are measured at a specific point in time for a defined population. This study type is also known as crosssectional analysis, transverse study, or prevalence study. Cross sectional study design is a type of observational study design.
Crosssectional study objective to estimate the magnitude and patterns of violence against pregnant women. Maryam hemed gfmer tanzania training course in sexual. What she did was a crosssectional study, and the document she mailed out was a simple questionnaire. Analytical studies are used to investigate associations. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various descriptive designs. Prospective, retrospective, and crosssectional studies. A descriptive cross sectional study assesses how frequently, widely, or severely the variable of interest occurs throughout a specific demographic. A descriptive crosssectional study is a descriptive study that attempts to characterize different groups of individuals at one specific moment in. The longitudinal study uses time as the main variable, and tries to make an in depth study of how a small sample changes and fluctuates over time a cross sectional study, on the other hand, takes a snapshot of a population at a certain time, allowing conclusions about phenomena across a wide population to be drawn an example of a crosssectional study would be a medical study looking at.
Compare and contrast the descriptive cross sectional, repeated cross sectional, comparative, and descriptive correlational designs. For example a random sample of schools across london may be used to assess the burden or prevalence of asthma among 1214 year olds. A crosssectional study reports the status or stage of a disease, looks for reasons or explanations, and examines. Read a research study and identify the design used and analyze study results. However, a crosssectional study may also compare groups from different backgrounds. Crosssectional surveys may be repeated periodically. A cross sectional study involves looking at data from a population at one specific point in time. The participants in this type of study are selected based on particular variables of interest. Descriptive studies case series crosssectional study o multicenter geographic variance. Both the rr and the or can be calculated to describe the association between the.
This simultaneous data gathering is often thought of as a snapshot of conditions present at that instant. The longitudinal study uses time as the main variable, and tries to make an in depth study of how a small sample changes and fluctuates over time a cross sectional study, on the other hand, takes a snapshot of a population at a certain time, allowing conclusions about phenomena across a wide population to be drawn. It would be a cross sectional study if you measure the reading abilities of 6yearolds in low, middle, and. However, a cross sectional study may also compare groups from different backgrounds. Descriptive crosssectional studies the persistence and reach of a studied factor. The descriptive study might be a reanalysis of data collected for some other purpose e. As a researcher, one can face the dilemma of choosing between many different types of research or studies designs, to determine which one will be the more suitable for the kind of topic we are investigating. Disaster response knowledge and its social determinants. A community based crosssectional study was conducted among 350 mothers in mizan aman town, south west ethiopia, in april 2015 using a structured intervieweradministered questionnaire using recall since birth method. In a cross sectional study, the investigator measures the outcome and the exposures in the. Pdf strengths and weaknesses of case control and cross. Types of cross sectional study descriptive a cross sectional study may be purely descriptive and used to assess the frequency and distribution of a particular disease in a defined population. Cross sectional studies can be thought of as a snapshot of the frequency and characteristics of a condition in a population at a particular point in time. List of the advantages of a cross sectional study 1.
Descriptive research design observing a phenomenon. Crossfsectional studies have a similar structure to cohort studies except that the measurementsaretakenatonetimepoint,withnofollowfup. In particular, when the data collection strategy is broader in scope involves considerably more than one case or a small group and involves systematic data collection we use the term cross sectional instead of case study to. Methods a crosssectional household survey on disaster response knowledge was. Crosssectional study design is a type of observational study design. Research methods and analysis doctors for afghanistan. What she did was a cross sectional study, and the document she mailed out was a simple questionnaire. This study was aimed to describe care needs derived from records of patients with burn and to evaluate whether nurses employed the north american nursing diagnosis association classification to formulate patients care needs. The valid ity of the checklist assessed by content validity and the reliability of them calculated. Knowledge, attitude and practice towards exclusive. In a cross sectional study, the investigator measures the outcome and the exposures in the study participants at the same time. The aim of this study was to assess jordanian neonatal nurses knowledge and beliefs toward the application of kangaroo mother care in the neonatal intensive care unit.
In this study using the convenient sampling method, 430 nursing. This presentation is about the two basic epidemiological study designs. Three broad issues need to be considered when appraising the report of a descriptive crosssectional study e. Compare and contrast the descriptive crosssectional, repeated crosssectional, comparative, and descriptive correlational designs. For example a random sample of schools across london may be used to assess the prevalence of asthma among 1214 year olds. The crosssectional study is an observational study that assesses exposure and the outcome at one specific point in time in a sample population. Thelle, petter laake, in research in medical and biological sciences second edition, 2015. Cross sectional design is based on observations made at one point in time.